SCIENCE OF METAL AND NONMETAL

There are 118 elements found in nature till now. There are two classification of element between metal and nonmetal.

Physical properties of metal and nonmetal

Metal It is hard It is good conductor of electricity It is malleable It is ductile It is sourness It is lustrous

Nonmetal It is soft It is bad conductor of electricity It is not malleable It is not ductile It is not sourness It is not lustrous

These are the general classification of metal and nonmetal by its physical property. But we must know the chemical properties of metal and nonmetal.

Malleable – it is a property of metal to change in a thin sheet

Ductile – It is a property of metal to stretched into a long chain

Sourness – it is a property of metal which give sound on beating

Lustrous – it is a property of metal which means shining  

The elements which have extra electron which can donate the electron and get positive charge is called metal and the element which can accept the electron and make him negative charge is called non metal

First we learn some acceptation found in the physical properties of meal and non metal 

Ø    Metal are solid  but the mercury are found in liquid state

Ø  Metal are hard but the sodium and potassium are the metal which can be cut with knife

Ø  Nonmetal are not lustrous but iodine is lustrous

Ø  Carbon is nonmetal it have two allotropes graphite and diamond , graphite is the good conductor of electricity and  diamond is the hardest substance found in the nature

Ø  Metal have high melting point but gallium and germanium are metal have low melting point

Now we see the some basic chemical properties of metal and nonmetal

v  Cesium is the largest element found in nature

v  Fluorine is most electronegative element

v  Sodium and potassium vigorously react with oxygen therefore it is kept in kerosene oil

v  At ordinary temperature zinc , lead magnesium and aluminum found the layer of oxygen on the outer surface

v  The metal form oxide which is act as  both acidic and basic nature are called amphoteric  oxide  

v  Generally metal react with oxygen form metal oxide which is basic in nature

v  Metal react with acid form salt and evolve hydrogen gas

v  Nitric acid is not used in reaction with metal because it high oxidizing agent it oxidize the hydrogen and make water as product

v  Generally metal oxide are insoluble in water but some are soluble the soluble metal oxide form alkalies with water

v  Silver and gold don’t react with oxygen even it high temperature

v  Anodizing is the process of forming thick layer of aluminum oxide on it

v  Calcium  float on water surface because it forms the layer the hydrogen on its surface

v  Magnesium don’t react with cold water it react with hot water and float on the surface of water